A Multidisciplinary Bibliography
The Arts and Humanities
Media, Film and Television
Media, Film and Television

Hazel V. Carby
Asanti, Ta'Shia. "Black Lesbians in Film." Lesbian News 25, no. 10 (May 2000): 34.
Ashe, Marie. "'Bad Mothers' and Welfare Reform in Massachusetts" In Feminism, Media, and the New Law, eds., Martha A. Fineman and Martha T. Mc Clusky. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
Bailey, Moya. "#transform(ing) DH Writing and Research: An Autoethnography of Digital Humanities and Feminist Studies." In Disrupting the Digital Humanities, eds. Dorothy Kim and Jesse Stommel. Earth, Milky Way: punctum books, 2018.
Bailey, Moya and Alexis Pauline Gumbs. "We Are the Ones we've Been Waiting For: Young Black Feminists Take Their Research and Activism Online." Ms. 20, no. 1 (Winter 2010): 41-42.
Bell, Katrina E. "'The More They Change, the More They Remain the Same': Representations of of African American Womanhood on Living Single". In Nature of a Sistuh: Black Women's Lived Experiences in Contemporary Culture, eds. Trevy McDonald and T. Ford-Ahmed. Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press, 1999.
Bobo, Jacqueline. "Black Feminism and Media Criticism: The Women of Brewster Place. In The Criticial Response to Gloria Naylor, eds. Sharon Felton and C. Loris Michelle. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1997. Originally published in Screen 32 (Autumn 1991): 286-302. Reprinted in Vision/re-Vision: Adapting Contemporary American Fiction by Women to Film, ed. Barbara Tepa Lupack (Bowling Green Ohio: Bowling Green State University Press, 1996). Reprinted in Turning it On: A Reader in Women and Media (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1996). Reprinted in Feminist Television Criticism: A Reader, eds. Charlotte Brunsdon, Julie D'Acci and Lynn Spigel (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997).
. Black Women as Cultural Readers. New York: Columbia University Press, 1995.
. Black Women Film and Video Artists. New York: Routledge, 1998.
. "The Color Purple: Black Women as Cultural Readers." In Female Spectators: Looking at Film and Television, ed. Deirde Pribam. New York: Verso, 1988. Reprinted in Feminism and Cultural Studies, ed. Morag Shiach. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999). Reprinted in The Audience Studies Reader, eds. Will Brooker and Deborah Jermyn. (New York: Routledge, 2003)
. "Politics of Interpretation: Black Critics, Filmmakers, Audiences." In Black Popular Culture: A Project by Michele Wallace, ed. Gina Dent. Seattle: Bay Press, 1992.
. "Reading Through the Text: The Black Woman as Audience." In Black American Cinema, ed. Manthia Diawara. New York: Routledge, 1993.
. "Sifting Through the Controversy: Reading The Color Purple." Callaloo 12, no. 2 (1989): 332-342.
Bobo, Jacqueline, and Ellen Seiter. "Black Feminism and Media Criticism: The Women of Brewster Place." Screen 33, no. 3 (1991): 286-302; Reprinted in Critical Response to Gloria Naylor, eds., Sharon Felton and Michelle C. Loris. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1997.
Brody, Jennifer Devere. "Moving Violations: Performing Globalization and Feminism in Set It Off." In Black Cultural Traffic: Crossroads in Global Performance and Popular, eds. Harry Elam Jr. and Kennell Jackson. Ann Arbo: University of Michighan Press, 2005.
. "The Returns of Cleopatra Jones." Signs: Journal of Women Culture & Society 25, no. 1: (Autumn 1999): 91-121.
Byars, Jackie, and Chad Bell. "Big Differences on the Small Screen: Race, Class, Gender, Feminine Beauty, and the Characters at Frank's Place. In Women Making Meaning: New Feminist Directions in Communication,ed. Lana F. Rakow. New York: Routledge: 1992.
Campbell, Loretta. "Reinventing Our Own Image: 11 Black Women Filmmakers." Heresies 16 (1983): 58-62.
Carby, Hazel V. "Lethal Weapons and City Games." Race Men: The W.E.B. DuBois Lectures.Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1998.
Carstarphen, Meta G. "Gettin' Real Love: Waiting to Exhale and Film Representations of Womanist Identity." In Mediated Women: Representations in Popular Culture, ed. Marian Meyers. Cresskill, NJ: Hapton Press, 1999.
Chisholm, Cheryl. "Mothers and Daughters Talking Together: An Interview with Filmmaker Cheryl Chisholm. "Interviewed by McPhail, Fabienne. Sage: A Scholarly Journal on Black Women 4, no. 2 (1987): 53+.
Coleman, Robin Means. "'ROLL UP YOUR SLEEVES!' Black Women, Black Feminim in Feminist Media Studies." Feminist Media Studies 11, no. 1 (2011): 35-41.
Collins, Patricia. "Hate Radio: Why We Need to Tune In to Limbaugh and Stern". In Feminism, Media, and the New Law, eds., Martha A. Fineman and Martha T. Mc Clusky. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
Coombs, Mary. "The Real Real Anita Hill, or the Making of a Backlash Best-Seller". In Feminism, Media, and the New Law, eds., Martha A. Fineman and Martha T. Mc Clusky. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
Dash, Julia. Daughters of the Dust: The Making of an American Film. New York: New Press, 1992. Reprinted in Rooster's Egg. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995.
Davis, Bridgett. "Directing the Gaze: An Inside Look at Making Naked Acts."In Skin Deep, Spirit Strong: The Black Female Body in American Culture, ed. Kimberley Wallace-Sanders. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2002.
Davis, Zeinabu Irene. "Daughters of the Dust." Black Film Review 6, no. 1 (1986): 13-17.
DeMarco, Darcy. "Liberating Black Female Stereotypes." Black Film Review 2, no. 4 (1986): 26-27, 34.
Dole, Carol M. "The Return of the Father in Spielberg's 'The Color Purple'. Literature-Film Quarterly 24, no. 1 (January 1996): 12+.
Dunn, Stephane. "Foxy Brown on My Mind: The Radicalized Gendered Politics of Representation." In Disco Divas: Women and Popular cuture in the 1970s, ed. Sherrie A. Inness. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 2003.
Durham, Aisha. Home with Hip Hop Feminism. New York: Peter Lang, 2014
Fair, Jo Ellen. "The Women of South Africa Weep: Exploration of Gender and Race in U.S. Television News." Howard Journal of Communication 4, no. 4 (1993): 283- 294.
Fitts, Mako. "'Drop It Like It's Hot': Culture Industry Laborers and Their Perspectives on Rap Music Video Production." Meridians: Feminism, Race, Transnationalsim 8, no. 1 (2008): 211-235.
Flitterman-Lewis, Sandy. "Imitation(s) of Life: The Black Woman's Double Determination as Troubling'Other'." Literature and Psychology 34, no. 4 (1998): 44-57.
Francis, Terri Simone. "'She Will Never Look': Film Spectatorship, Black Feminism, and Scary Subjectivities." In Reclaiming the Archive: Feminism and Film History, ed. Vicki Callahan. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 2010.
Freydberg, Elizabeth Hardley. "Sapphires, Spitfires, Sluts, and Superbitches: Aframericans and Latinas in Contemporary American Film." In Black Women in America, ed. Kim Marie Vaz. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1995.
Gaines, Jane. "White Priviledge and Looking Relations: Race and Gender in Feminist Film Criticism." Screen 29, no. 4 (1988): 12-26. Reprinted in Feminist Film Theory: A Reader, ed. Sue Thornham, (New York: New York University Press, 1999))
Gant-Britton, Lisbeth. "African Women and Visual Culture: A Sample Syllabus." Camera Obscura 36 (1995): 85-117.
Gibson-Hudson, Gloria. "Aspects of Black Feminist Cultural Ideology in Film by Black Women Independent Artists." Multiple Voices in Feminist Film Criticism, eds.Diane Carson, Linda Dittmar, and Janice R. Welsch. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1994.
Gillespie, Carmen R. "Mammy Goes to Las Vegas: Showgirls and the Constancy of African-American Female Stereotypes." In Mediated Women: Representations in Popular Culture, ed. Marian Meyers. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press, 1999.
Goldsby, Jackie. "Queens of Language: Paris is Burning." In Queer Looks: Perspectives on Lesbian and Gay Film and Video, eds. Martha Gever, John Grayson, and Pratibha Parmar. New York: Routledge, 1993.
Griffin, Ada Gay. "Seizing the Moving Image: Reflections of a Black Independent Producer. In Black Popular Culture: A Project by Michele Wallace, ed. Gina Dent. Seattle: Bay Press, 1992.
Harris, Thomas Allen. "Black Feminism and Queer Families: A Conversation with Thomas Allen Harris. Interview by Laura A. Harris. African American Review 36, no. 2 (2002): 273-282.
Hartman, Saidiya. "Seduction and the Ruses of Power." Callaloo 19, no. 2 (1996): 537-560.
hooks, bell. "A Call for Militant Resistance." In Multiple Voices in Feminist Film Criticism, eds. Diane Carson, Linda Dittmar, and Janice R. Welsch. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1994.
. "Counter-Hegemonic Art: Do the Right Thing." In Yearning: Race, Gender, and Cultural Politics.Boston: South End Press, 1990.
. "Doing it For Daddy." In Constructing Masculinity, eds.Maurice Berger, Brian Wallis, and Simon Watson. New York: Routledge, 1995.
. "Liberation Scenes: Speak This Yearning." In Yearning: Race, Gender, and Cultural Politics. Boston: South End Press, 1990.
. "The Oppositional Gaze: Black Female Spectators." Black Looks: Race and Representation. Boston: South End Press, 1992. Reprinted in Black American Cinema, ed. Manthia Diawara (New York: Routledge, 1993). Reprinted in Feminist Film Theory: A Reader, ed. Sue Thornham, (New York: New York University Press, 1999); also reprinted in The Feminism and Visual Culture Reader, ed. Amelia Jones, (New York: Routledge, 2003). Reprinted in Feminist Postcolonial Theory: A Reader, eds. Reina Lewis and Sara Mills, (New York: Routledge, 2003). Reprinted in Film and Theory: An Anthology, eds Robert Stam and Toby Miller, (Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers, 2000).
. Reel to Real: Race, Sex, and Class at the Movies. New York: Routledge, 1996.
. "Representing Whiteness: Seeing Wings of Desire." In Yearning: Race, Gender, and Cultural Politics.Boston: South End Press, 1990.
. "Seductive Sexualities: Representing Blackness in Poetry and on the Screen." In Yearning: Race, Gender, and Cultural Politics. Boston: South End Press, 1990.
. "Stylish Nihilism: Race, Sex, and Class at the Movies." In Yearning: Race, Gender, and Cultural Politics.Boston: South End Press, 1990.
Humm. Maggie. "Black Film Theory, Black Feminisms: Daughters of the Dust." Feminism and Film. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1997.
James, Joy. "Black Femmes Fatales and Sexual Abuse in Progressive 'White' Cinema: Neil Jordan's Mona Lisa and The Crying Game." Camera Obscura 36 (1995): 33-47.
Johnson, Jessica Marie and Kismet Nunez. "Alter Egos and Infinitie Literacies. Part III: How to Build a Real Gyrl in 3 Easy Steps," The Black Scholar 45, no. 4, 2015: 47-61.
Jones, Jacquie. "The Accusatory Space." In Black Popular Culture: A Project by Michele Wallace, ed. Gina Dent. Seattle: Bay Press, 1992.
King, Toni C. ""Who's That Lady?" Ebony Magazine and Black Professional Women". In Disco Divas: Women and Popular Culture in the 1970s, ed. Sherrie A. Inness. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2003.
Kirkland, David E. "4 Colored Girls Who Considered Suicide/When Social Networking Was Enuf: A Black Feminist Perspective on Literacy Online." In Adolescents' Online Literacies: Connecting Classrooms, Digital Media & Popular Culture, ed . Donna E. Alvermann. New York: Peter Lang, 2010.
Kraeplin, Camille. "Girlfriends and Sex and the City: An Intersectional Analysis of Race, Gender and Commodity Feminism." Media Report to Women 40, no. 1 (Winter 2012): 12-17, 18-20.
Larkin, Alile Sharon. "Black Women Film-Makers Defining Ourselves: Feminism in Our Own Voice." In Female Spectators: Looking at Film and Television, ed. Deidre, E. Pribram. London: Verso, 1988.
Lekatsas, Barbara. "Encounters: The Film Odyssey of Camille Billops." Black American Film Forum 25, no. 2 (1991): 395-408.
LeVande, Meredith. "Women, Pop Music, and Pornography." Meridians: Feminism, Race, Transnationalsim 8, no. 1 (2008): 293-321.
Manatu, Norma. African American Women and Sexuality in the Cinema. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, 2003.
Manigault-Bryant, T., T. Lomax, and C. Duncan. Womanist and Black Feminist Responses to Tyler Perry's Productions. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.
Martin, Kameelah, L. Envisioning Black Feminist Voodoo Aesthetics: African Spirituality in American Cinema. Lanham, MD: Lexingotn Books, 2016.
Matabane, Paula. "She's Gotta Have It." Black Film Review 2, no. 4 (1986): 23-25.
Manigault-Bryant, LeRhonda S., Tamura A. Lomax, and Carol B. Duncan. Womanist and Black Feminist Responses to Tyler Perry's Productions. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.
McDonald, Katrina Bell. "Embracing Oprah Winfrey." In Embracing Sisterhood: Class, Identity, and Contemporary Black Women. New York: Roman and Littlefield Publishers, 2007.
McDonald, Trevy A. "'Tired of the World According to Young Men's Machismo'":. In Nature of a Sistuh: Black Women's Lived Experiences in Contemporary Culture, eds. Trevy McDonald and T. Ford-Ahmed. Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press, 1999.
McDowell, Deborah. "Pecs and Reps: Muscling in on Race and the Subject of Masculinities." In Race and the Subject of Masculinities, eds. Harry Stecopoulos, and Michael Uebel. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1997.
Means, Robin R. "Roll Up Your Sleeves: Black Women, Black Feminism in Feminist Media Studies." Current Perspectives in Feminist Media Studies, eds., Lisa McLaughlin and Cynthia Carter. New York: Routledge, 2013.
Mellencamp, Patricia. "Making History: Julie Dash." Frontiers 15, no. 1 (Winter 1994): 76+.
Meyers, Marian. African American Women in the News: Gender, Race, and Class in Journalism. New York: Routledge, 2013.
Miller, Karen K. "Search For TV's Tommorrow: Race, Gender, and Sexuality in Soapland." Sojourner: The Women's Forum 24, no. 4 (December 1999): 12+.
Miller-Young, Mireille. "Hip-Hop Honeys and Da Hustlaz: Black Sexualities in the New Hip Hop." Meridians: Feminism, Race, Transnationalsim 8, no. 1 (2008): 261-292.
. "Putting Hypersexiality to Work: Black Women and Illicit Eroticism in Pornography." Sexualities 13, no. 2 (2010): 219-235.
. A Taste of Brown Sugar: Black Women in Pornography. Durham: Duke University Press, 2014.
Modleski, Tania. "'Cinema and the Dark Continent: Race and Gender in Popular Film'". In Feminist Film Theory: A Reader, ed. Sue Thornham. New York: New York University Press, 1999.
Morgan, Joan. "Theresa'sTime." Essence April 1996, 72+.
Nash, Jennifer. "Strange Bedfellows: Black Feminism and Antipornography Feminism." Social Text 26, no. 4 (Winter 2008): 51-76.
Nelson, Jill. "Spielberg's Purple is Still Black." The Guardian 29 January 1986, 1, 17.
Ohman, Carmel. "Undisciplining the Black Pussy: Pleasure, Black Feminism, and Sexuality in Issa Rae's Insecure." Black Scholar 50 no. 2 (April 2020): 5-15.
Parkerson, Michelle. "Birth of a Notion: Towards Black Gay and Lesbian Imagery in Film and Video." In Queer Look: Perspectives on Lesbian and Gay Film and Video, eds. Martha Gever, John Greyson, and Pratibha Parmar. New York: Routledge, 1993.
Pough, Gwendolyn D. "Girls in the Hood and Other Ghetto Dramas: Representing Black Womanhood in Hip-Hop Cinema and Novels." Check it While I Wreck it: Black Womanhood, Hip-Hop Culture, and the Public Sphere. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 2004.
. "What It Do, Shorty? Women, Hip-Hop, and a Feminist Agenda." Black Women, Gender & Families 1, no. 2 (Fall 2007): 78-99.
Reid, Mark. "Black Feminism and the Independent Film." In Redefining Black Film.Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.
Reid-Brinkley, Shanara R. "The Essence of Res(ex)spectibility: Black Women's Negotiation of Black Femininity in Rap Music Video." Meridians: Feminism, Race, Transnationalsim 8, no. 1 (2008): 19-52.
Rooks, Noliwe. "By any Other Name: Sweet Justice, Cicely Tyson, and Contemporary Visual Politics." Camera Obscura 36 (1995): 49-65.
Rose, Tricia. "Race, Class, and the Pleasure/Danger Dialectic: Rewriting Black Female Teenage Sexuality in the Popular Imagination." Black Renaissance/Renaissance Noire 1, no. 3 (1998): 171-190.
Russell, Margaret M. "Black Women as Celluloid "Legal" Heroines". In Feminism, Media, and the New Law, eds., Martha A. Fineman and Martha T. Mc Clusky. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
Ryan, Judylyn S. "Outing the Black Feminist Filmmaker in Julie Dash's Illusions." Signs: Journal of Women Culture and Society 30, no. 1 (autumn 2004): 1319-1344.
Smith, Valerie. "Black Masculinity, Labor, and Social Change." In Black Male: Representations of Masculinity in Contemporary Art, ed. Thelma Golden. New York: Whitney Museum of Art, 1994.
. "The Documentary Impulse in Contemporary U.S. African-American Film." In Black Popular Culture: A Project by Michele Wallace, ed. Gina Dent. Seattle: Bay Press, 1992.
. "Facing the Spectre of Racism." Emerge October 1994, 60-61.
. Not Just Race, Not Just Gender: Black Feminist Readings. New York: Routledge, 1998.
. "Reconstituting the Image: The Emergent Black Woman Director." Callaloo 11, no. 4 (1988): 709-719.
. "Telling Family Secrets: Narrative and Ideology in Suzanne, Suzanne by Camille Billops and James V. Hatch.In Multiple Voices in Feminist Film Criticism, eds. Diane Carson, Linda Dittmar, and Janice R. Welsch. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1994.
Smith-Shomade, Beretta E. Shaded Lives: African-American Women and Television. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2002.
Squire, Corinne. "Empowering Women? The Oprah Winfrey Show." Feminism & Psychology 4, no. 1 (1994): 63-79.
Stewart, Nikki Ayanna. "Black Girl's Dreams: Oprah Has One View of What Black Girls Need, But What Can the Girls Themselves Show and Tell Us?" Ms. Magazine 27, no. 3 (Summer 2007): 66-67.
Story, Kaila Adia. "Performing Venus-From Hottentot to Video Vixen: The Historical Legacy of Black Female Body Commodification." In Home Girls Make Some Noise: Hip Hop Feminsm Antology, eds. Gwendolyn Pough et al. Mira Loma, CA: Parker Publishing, 2007.
Stubbs, Frances, and Elizabeth Hadley Freyberg. "Black Women in American Films: A Thematic Approach." In Multiple Voices in Feminist Film Criticism, eds. Diane Carson, Linda Dittmar, and Janice R. Welsch. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1994.
Sullivan, Laura L. "Chasing Fae: The Watermelon Woman and Black Lesbian Possibility." Callaloo 23, no. 1 (2000): 448-460.
Sulter, Maud. "Black Codes: The Misrepresentation of Blacklesbians in Film". In An Intimacy of Equals: Lesbian Feminist Ethics. ed. Lilian Mohin. New York: Harrington Park Press, 1996.
Thaggert, Miriam. "Divided Images: Black Female Spectatorship and John Stahl's Imitation of Life." African American Review 32, no. 3 (1998): 481-491.
Thompson, Lisa B. "Black Ladies and Black Magic Women: Independent Film and Black Sexuality." In Beyond the Black Lady: Sexuality and the New African American Middle Class. Urbanna: University of Illinois Press, 2009.
Wallace, Michele. "Black Female Spectatorship and the Dilemma of Tokenism". In Generations: Academic Feminists in Dialogue, edited by Devoney Looser and E. Ann Kaplan. Minneapolis: University of Minnestoa Press, 1997.
. "Blues for Mr. Spielberg." The Village Voice31, no. 11 (1986):
. "Boyz N the Hood and Jungle Fever." In Black Popular Culture: A Project by Michele Wallace, ed. Gina Dent. Seattle: Bay Press, 1992.
. "The Cave: Michele Wallace on Invisibility Blues." Artforum April 1989, 11-12.
. "The Color Purple: An Amos and Andy for the Eighties." The Village Voice 18 March 1986, 21.
. Dark Designs and Visual Culture. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2004.
. "The Defiant Ones: I Don't Know Nothin' 'Bout Birthin' No Babies." The Village Voice 5 December 1989, 36.
. "Ed Bradley at Ease." Essence 1983 November, 66.
. "Multiculturalism and Oppostionality: An Analysis of Three Contemporary Instances of Multicultural Programming and Artwork." Afterimage October 1991, 6-9.
. "Out of Step with The Million Man March." Ms. January-February 1996, 22.
. "'Panther': The Hollywood Version of Black Power." Ms. May-June 1995, 83.
. "The Politics of Location: Cinema/Theory/Literature/Ethnicity/ Sexuality/Me." Framework: A Film Journal 36 (1989): 42-55.
. "Race, Gender and Psychoanalysis in Forties Film: Lost Boundaries, Home of the Brave and The Quiet One. "In Black American Cinema, ed. Manthia Diawara. New York: Routledge, 1993.
. "Sexin' the Watermelon." The Village Voice 4 March 1997, 74.
. "Spike Lee and Black Women." Invisibility Blues: From Pop to Theory. " New York: Verso, 1990. Originally published in The Village Voice 4 June 1988, 800-803.
. "When Dream Girls Grow Old." The Village Voice 30 January 1996, 21.
Williams, Kim D. Hester. ":'Fix My Life': Oprah, Post-racial Economic Dispossession, and the Precious Transfiguration of PUSH." Cultural Dynamics 26, no. 1 (March 2014): 53-71.
Wilson, Debra. "Back in Black" Curve 14, no. 6 (October 2004): 49.
Worsley, Shawn M. "Loving Hip-Hop When It Denies Your Humanity: Feminist Struggles and The Source." In Home Girls Make Some Noise: Hip Hop Feminsm Antology, eds. Gwendolyn Pough et al. Mira Loma, CA: Parker Publishing, 2007.
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